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That question has more than one possible meaning, so it requires a
multi-part answer.
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Part One: How?
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If we take this question to mean "How do you create a birth chart, and
then read it?", you must begin with accurate birth data: time, place,
date and year. This is not "newspaper astrology", where only the
month of birth matters. The results are much more accurate and
detailed this way.
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The positions of the planets are calculated for that exact time and
place, based on the known positions from other times, usually the
nearest noon or midnight, Greenwich Mean Time. These planetary
positions are then plotted on a map of the sky ("chart" or
"horoscope"), with the twelve signs of the zodiac drawn in. Then a
system of houses are drawn in, based on the time of birth, which are
just 12 mathmatically derived sections of the circle, separate from
but overlapping the signs, symbolizing different areas of life.
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The art of interpretation can become quite complex, but stated simply,
each planet correlates with certain human traits or qualities. For
instance, Mercury tends to represent communication, language, and
conversational "tempo". The zodiacal sign where each planet is placed
gives that planet a certain "color" or "flavor". A person who has
Mercury placed in the sign of Cancer tends to communicate in a
cautious way, in images as much as in concepts, with considerable
emotional sensitivity. The house in which the planet is placed
designates the area of life where it tends to find expression. A
person with Mercury placed in the 5th House may tend to be a
storyteller, a comedian, someone who enjoys word games and possesses
wit and charm of expression, and might have a talent for writing jokes
or romances. And finally, there is the relationship between the
planets to each other. A person with Mercury conjunct Jupiter (which
means that both planets are in the same position) is likely to be very
talkative, jolly and perhaps even a little verbally overbearing, but
in a cheerful, well-meant way.
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Part Two: Why?
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If we take this question to mean, "How do planetary positions affect
human (or other) life?" or "Why does it work?", we need an entirely
different answer. It is by no means well-established that the planets
themselves affect earthly life at all - all that astrology claims is
that there is a synchronicity, a correspondence, a correlation between
the symbolic meaning of the planets and earthly life. ("As above, so
below".) We do not know exactly why this is so, although there have
been many theories put forward over the millenia.
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Some ancient theories do not satisfy the contemporary emphasis on
"scientific" understanding, and so would not find acceptance today.
("The planets are gods.") Others are more suited to modern day
thought. None of them are proven and universally accepted, so we may
take our choice of the theories that we find most acceptable, until
such time as a more compelling theory is presented. There are many
good books on this subject, and the reader is recommended to them if
this short discussion only whets the appetite, as it should.
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My favorite theory at present is the idea that the planets exert only
a small magnetic or gravitational effect on distant planets (like
Earth) - too little to have much effect on we who live on the surface
of the Earth - but they are all part of the complex organism that is
our solar system. Consequently, they can create standing waves (and
null points) in the space between themselves and the Sun, in either
the gravitational, ionic or magnetic environments (or all), and
shielding each other at times of eclipse from the solar winds of the
heliosphere. This effectively modulates the fields and energy that
are being constantly created from the point of origin that is our sun,
and bathing our planet in its fluctuating fields and shifting solar
winds, acting in effect as a gigantic amplifier of the slight, weak
"signals" represented by the planets themselves. According to this
theory, it is these shifting fields and polarities that most likely
affect earthly life, not the planets as such. But by watching the
positions of the planets, we can draw some conclusions about the state
of the solar winds, and the gravitational, magnetic and/or ionic
standing waves that the planets may create. This theory also affords
vast significance to the role of the Sun, which is consistent with its
huge importance in an astrological chart.
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Is that the ultimate answer? No. Even if it is correct, there is
much detail that is not provided. Time will provide either more
detail and corroborating data, or a more perfect theory. I will
welcome either of those alternatives!
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-- Neptune Bob
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